Gastrointestinal Immunology

The gastrointestinal tract plays dual roles in human physiology one is digestion and uptake of nutrients and another one is the more difficult task of maintaining immune homeostasis i.e protecting the body from harmful microbes. No other system has this unique architecture like functioning and regulating both the systems. The gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which is composed of discrete inductive and effector sites, can differentiate between the harmful and harmless antigens while maintaining the homeostasis. Inductive sites are well organized into specialized gatherings of lymphoid follicles called Peyer's patches, while effector sites are more diffusely Separated. The separation of these sites serves to limit and control the immune responses. In addition to its Unique architecture, the GI tract has specialized immune cells that aid in promoting a tolerogenic response to orally introduced antigens, e.g. subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells, which is produced in many quantities at mucosal surfaces, and it promotes and nurtures an anti-inflammatory environment by neutralizing immune stimulatory antigens.

  • Autoimmune Hepatitis
  • Transplantation and immunosuppression and Rejection
  • Autoimmune Digestive Disorders
  • DNA hypomethylation
  • Celiac Disease

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